Maxwell’s Equations


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               An electromagnetic wave has both electric and magnetic components. It can be created by any relevant object. There are different types of electromagnetic waves. Sun is the source of visible spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum is as shown below.

The radio waves can be generated by alternating currents in a copper wire and the vice versa is also possible that is electromagnetic waves can also generate alternating currents. The electric currents at "radio frequencies" (rf) are used by radio and television transmitters and receivers. Microwaves have such a short wavelength that they are very easily absorbed by water. This is why they are used in microwave ovens. What happens is that when the water in your TV dinner absorbs the microwaves, the energy of the microwaves is converted into heat: it makes the water molecules vibrate faster. Some people are frightened that the radio waves coming out of their mobile phones are short enough to cook their brains. In addition to the above electromagnetic waves, we have the electromagnetic waves like X-rays and Gamma rays. The X-rays are produced by the X-ray machine and Gamma rays can be produced by some radioactive materials.

In general, the traveling electromagnetic waves can be produced by any source of energy and an oscillator circuit along with an electric dipole antenna. The arrangement is given as follows: