The Electric Field
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What is field?: |
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A field is a region of influence of any object. The object may be any material having some mass, a
biological material, a material having some charge etc. Accordingly, we have the fields like:
gravitational field, electric field, and magnetic field etc.
A gravitational field is a region of influence around a mass. An electric field is a region of
influence of a charge. And a magnetic field is the region of influence of a magnet.
The Electric Field Intensity:
surrounds every particle that has an electrical charge.If there is an electric charge placed in space
such that Fe is the electric force acting on the positive test charge q0 then the electric field E at that
point in space is:
Note that the electric field (E) is a vector quantity. Furthermore, the electric field exists at some point
regardless of whether a test charge is located at that point.
If there is a group of charges, then the electric field at a point is the vector sum of the electric
fields of the individual charges.
The Electric Field of a Continuous Charge Distribution:
If the charge distribution is the volume charge distribution then the amount
of charge will be Q=ρV.
If the charge distribution is area wise then the amount of charge will be Q=σA. If the charge
distribution is linear then the amount of charge is Q=λl.
And if the charge is normally distributed
then the amount of charge for the respective distributions will be given by,
dQ= ρdV, dQ= σdA, dQ=
λdl.
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Electromagnetism