|
Some of the applications of Bernoulli Equation and Equation of continuity are given as follows:
(1) The lift on an aircraft wing can be explained with the help of Bernoulli Effect.
(2) A golf ball is made to spin when struck by the club. The spinning ball experiences a lifting force that allows it to travel much farther than it would if it were not spinning. This can be explained by the Bernoulli Equation.
(3) As the water flows from a faucet, the stream of water becomes narrower as it descends since the speed increases. This can be explained by the equation of continuity.
Fields of Flow:
The fields of flow are considered as the speed and direction of flow of the fluids like air, water etc. The molecular motion is important in all these fluids.
Viscosity, Turbulence and Chaotic flows:
Viscosity is the characteristic of the fluid which arises as there is a resistance force coming into play in between two layers of fluid which move in a relative motion with each other. It characterizes the degree of the internal friction in the fluid. It can be noted that the viscosity causes part of the kinetic energy of a fluid to be converted to internal energy. This is similar to the mechanism of the object sliding on a rough horizontal surface, which loses kinetic energy.
When the particles in the fluid move in a smooth path and constant reasonable speed the flow is usually called steady or laminar flow. And if the fluid flows in a speed just above a critical speed, then the flow is turbulent. The turbulent flow is irregular and is characterized by small whirlpool like regions. These regions are called eddies. These eddies can vary in size with the extent of turbulence present in the fluid.
The flow becomes chaotic if the motion of the fluid becomes very much disorder or irregular even more as that of the turbulent flow.
|
